ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the reliability of MRI classification and clinical significance of deep gray matter injury(DGMI)in children with cerebral palsy(CP).Methods We made a retrospective assessment of 14 children with gross motor function classification system(GMFCS),manual ability classification system(MACS)and MRI classification system of deep gray matter injury.Based on T2WI,two radiologists worked independently and graded MRI pictures according to three-grading system and four-grading system.To evaluate the reliability of different grading systems,intra-observer and inter-observer agreements were tested by Kappa test.Spearman correlation analysis was performed to analyze the MRI classification system with GMFCS and MACS.Results The Kappa value of the intro-observer and inter-observe agreement of three-grading system was 0.873 and 0.873,respectively (P＜0.001).The Kappa value of the intro-observer and inter-observe agreement of four-grading system was 0.901 and 0.611(P＜0.001).Three-grading system had no significant correlation with GMFCS(r=0.053,P＞0.05)or MACS(r=0.128,P＞0.05).Four-grading system had a significant positive correlation with GMFCS(r=0.605, P＜0.05)and MACS(r=0.779,P＜0.05).Conclusion In the two grading systems,four-grading system is a more repeatable approach for detecting deep gray matter,gross motor function and manual function injuries in children with cerebral palsy.
ABSTRACT
Plants of the genus Ceriops (Rhizophoraceae) consist of five species, which were widely distributed in tropical Asia, Eastern Africa and Oceania. So far,phytochemical studies showed that a total of 131 compounds including 120 terpenoids had been isolated from this genus, which exhibited anti-inflammatory, antihyperglycaemic, antitumor, anti-microbial, antioxidant, antifouling and antiviral activities. This article summarized the recent research progress of the chemical compositions and their pharmacological activities from the genus,which could provide reference for the development and utilization of the Ceriops plants.
ABSTRACT
The expression profile in the mouse hepatitis B virus X (HBx)-transfected model was investigated in order to lay a foundation for further study on the implication of cytokines expression in hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Hydrodynamic injection method via the tail vein was used to establish the animal HBx-transfected model. By using microassay, the differential expression of gene in each group was analyzed, which was further confirmed by using real-time PCR and semi-quantitative PCR. Most of chemokine genes such as Ccl2, Ccl5, Ccl9, MIG and IP-10 were up-regulated in the HBx-transfected mouse model versus the control mice, which was coincided with the microarray results. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry were applied to detect the expression of MIG and IP-10 in the liver tissues. Simultaneously, ELISA was adopted to measure the content of IFN-γ in the liver tissues. DNA microassay revealed that the expression of 611 genes changed in HBx-transfected mice as compared with that in pCMV-tag2B-transfected mice, and most of the screened chemokines were up-regulated (including MIG and IP-10). Additionally, IFN-γ protein levels were increased by 20.7% (P<0.05) in pCMV-tag2B-HBx-transfected mice as compared with the untreated mice. IFN-γ protein levels were reduced by 53.9% (P<0.05) in pCMV-tag2B-transfected mice as compared with the untreated mice, which was consistent with the up-regulation of MIG and IP-10. It was suggested HBx transfection could induce the expression of MIG and IP-10 in the liver tissues, which might play the roles in HBV-related liver immunity and cytokines-mediated antiviral effect.
ABSTRACT
The expression profile in the mouse hepatitis B virus X (HBx)-transfected model was investigated in order to lay a foundation for further study on the implication of cytokines expression in hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Hydrodynamic injection method via the tail vein was used to establish the animal HBx-transfected model. By using microassay, the differential expression of gene in each group was analyzed, which was further confirmed by using real-time PCR and semi-quantitative PCR. Most of chemokine genes such as Ccl2, Ccl5, Ccl9, MIG and IP-10 were up-regulated in the HBx-transfected mouse model versus the control mice, which was coincided with the microarray results. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry were applied to detect the expression of MIG and IP-10 in the liver tissues. Simultaneously, ELISA was adopted to measure the content of IFN-γ in the liver tissues. DNA microassay revealed that the expression of 611 genes changed in HBx-transfected mice as compared with that in pCMV-tag2B-transfected mice, and most of the screened chemokines were up-regulated (including MIG and IP-10). Additionally, IFN-γ protein levels were increased by 20.7% (P<0.05) in pCMV-tag2B-HBx-transfected mice as compared with the untreated mice. IFN-γ protein levels were reduced by 53.9% (P<0.05) in pCMV-tag2B-transfected mice as compared with the untreated mice, which was consistent with the up-regulation of MIG and IP-10. It was suggested HBx transfection could induce the expression of MIG and IP-10 in the liver tissues, which might play the roles in HBV-related liver immunity and cytokines-mediated antiviral effect.